NCLEX-RN NCLEX Exam Questions and Free Practice Test

Question 43

- (Topic 1)
The cardiac client who exhibits the symptoms of disorientation, lethargy, and seizures may be exhibiting a toxic reaction to:

A. Digoxin (Lanoxin)

B. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

C. Quinidine gluconate or sulfate (Quinaglute,Quinidex)

D. Nitroglycerin IV (Tridil)

Correct Answer:B
(A) Side effects of digoxin include headache, hypotension, AV block, blurred vision, and yellow-green halos. (B) Side effects of lidocaine include heart block, headache, dizziness, confusion, tremor, lethargy, and convulsions. (C) Side effects of quinidine include heart block, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, and respiratory depression. (D) Side effects of nitroglycerin include postural hypotension, headache, dizziness, and flushing.

Question 44

- (Topic 1)
As the nurse assesses a male adolescent with chlamydia, the nurse determines that a sign of chlamydia is:

A. Enlarged penis

B. Secondary lymphadenitis

C. Epididymitis

D. Hepatomegaly

Correct Answer:C
(A) An enlarged penis is not a sign of chlamydia. (B) Secondary lymphadenitis is a complication of lymphogranuloma venereum. (C) Untreated chlamydial infection can spread from the urethra, causing epididymitis, which presents as a tender, scrotal swelling.
(D) Hepatomegaly is not a complication.

Question 45

- (Topic 6)
A 24-year-old woman who is gravida 1 reports, ??I can??t take iron pills because they make me sick.?? She continues, ??My bowels aren??t moving either.?? In counseling her based on these complaints, the nurse??s most appropriate response would be, ??It would be beneficial for you to eat . . .

A. prunes.??

B. green leafy vegetables.??

C. red meat.??

D. eggs.??

Correct Answer:A
(A) Prunes provide fiber to decrease constipation and are an excellent source of dietary iron, as the prenatal client is not taking her supplemental iron and iron-deficiency anemia is common during pregnancy. (B) Green leafy vegetables provide a source of fiber and iron; however, prunes are a better source of both. (C) Red meat is a good iron source but will not address the constipation problem. (D) Eggs are a good iron source but do not address the constipation problem.

Question 46

- (Topic 4)
A 52-year-old client is scheduled for a small-bowel resection in the morning. In conjunction with other preoperative preparation, the nurse is teaching her diaphragmatic breathing exercises. She will teach the client to:

A. Inhale slowly and deeply through the nose until the lungs are fully expanded, hold the breath a couple of seconds, and then exhale slowly through the mout

B. Repeat 2–3 more times to complete the series every 1–2 hours while awake

C. Purse the lips and take quick, short breaths approximately 18–20 times/min

D. Take a large gulp of air into the mouth, hold it for 10–15 seconds, and then expel it through the nos

E. Repeat 4–5 times to complete the series

F. Inhale as deeply as possible and then immediately exhale as deeply as possible at a rate of approximately 20–24 times/min

Correct Answer:A
(A) This is the correct method of teaching diaphragmatic breathing, which allows full lung expansion to increase oxygenation, prevent atelectasis, and move secretions up and out of the lungs to decrease risk of pneumonia. (B) Quick, short breaths do not allow for full lung expansion and movement of secretions up and out of the lungs. Quick, short breaths may lead to O2 depletion, hyperventilation, and hypoxia. (C) Expelling breaths through the nose does not allow for full lung expansion and the use of diaphragmatic muscles to assist in moving secretions up and out of the lungs. (D) Inhaling and exhaling at a rate of 20–24 times/min does not allow time for full lung expansion to increase oxygenation. This would most likely lead to O2 depletion and hypoxia.

Question 47

- (Topic 5)
A 12-year-old girl has been diagnosed with insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Which of these principles would best guide her nutritional management?

A. Concentrated sweets are taken during increased activity.

B. Food restriction is imposed to reduce weight.

C. Caloric distribution should be calculated to fit activity patterns.

D. Fat requirements are increased owing to the possibility of ketoacidosis.

Correct Answer:C
(A) Concentrated sweets are eliminated from diet planning. Complex carbohydrates may be taken at the time of increased activity. (B) Food restriction is not used for diabetic control of growing children. Caloric restriction may be imposed for weight control if necessary. (C) Total caloric intake and proportions of basic nutrients should be consistent from day to day. Distribution of these calories should fit the activity pattern. Extra food is needed for increased activity. A balance of food, exercise, and insulin should be maintained. (D) Because of the increased risk of atherosclerosis, the fat percentage of the total caloric intake is reduced.

Question 48

- (Topic 7)
The nurse is teaching a client how to perform monthly testicular self-examination (TSE) and states that it is best to perform the procedure right after showering. This statement is made by the nurse based on the knowledge that:

A. The client is more likely to remember to perform the TSE when in the nude

B. When the scrotum is exposed to cool temperatures, the testicles become large and bulky

C. The scrotum will be softer and more relaxed after a warm shower, making the testicles easier to palpate

D. The examination will be less painful at this time

Correct Answer:C
(A) Nudity is not a trigger for reminding males to perform TSE. (B) Testicles become more firm when exposed to cool temperatures, but not large and bulky. (C) The testicles will be lower and more easily palpated with warmer temperatures. A protective mechanism of the body to protect sperm production is for the scrotum to pull closer to the body when exposed to cooler temperatures. (D) The examination should not be painful.

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